|
Haplogroup J-P209 〔 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is thought that J-P209 evolved in West Asia (a region known also as the Middle East or Near East).〔(Y-DNA Haplogroup J ), ISOGG, 2015〕 It expanded from there during the Neolithic Age, especially into North Africa, the Caucasus, Southeast Europe, Central Asia, Iran, Pakistan and western India. J-P209 is divided into two main subclades (branches) J-M267 and J-M172. ==Origins== Haplogroup J-P209 is believed to have arisen roughly 42,900 years ago in West Asia (31,700±12,800 years ago according to ). It is most closely related to Haplogroup I-M170, as both Haplogroup I-M170 and Haplogroup J-P209 are Haplogroup IJ subclades. Haplogroup IJ and haplogroup K derive from Haplogroup IJK, and only at this level of classification does haplogroup IJK join with Haplogroup G and Haplogroup H as immediate descendants of Haplogroup F. J-P209 is defined by the M304 genetic marker, or the equivalent 12f2.1 marker. According to a genetic study in China by Shou et al, J *-M304 is found among Xibo, Kazakh, Dongxiang and Uzbek people in Northwest China.〔Shou et al (2010), (Y-chromosome distributions among populations in Northwest China identify significant contribution from Central Asian pastoralists and lesser influence of western Eurasians ), Journal of Human Genetics (2010) 55, 314–322; doi:10.1038/jhg.2010.30; published online 23 April 2010, (Table 2. Haplogroup distribution and Y-chromosome diversity in 14 northwestern populations )〕 The main current subgroups J-M267 and J-M172, which now comprise between them almost all of the population of the haplogroup, are both believed to have arisen very early, at least 10,000 years ago. Nonetheless, Y-chromosomes F-M89 * and IJ-M429 * were reported to have been observed in the Iranian plateau (Grugni et al. 2012). On the other hand, it would seem to be that different episodes of populace movement had impacted southeast Europe, as well as the role of the Balkans as a long-standing corridor to Europe from the Near East is shown by the phylogenetic unification of Hgs I and J by the basal M429 mutation. This proof of common ancestry suggests that ancestral Hgs IJ-M429 * probably would have entered Europe through the Balkan track sometime before the LGM. They then subsequently split into Hg J and Hg I in Middle East and Europe in a typical disjunctive phylogeographic pattern. Such a geographic hall is prone to have encountered extra consequent gene streams, including the horticultural settlers. Moreover, the unification of haplogroups IJK creates evolutionary distance from F–H delegates, as well as supporting the inference that both IJ-M429 and KT-M9 arose closer to the Middle East than central or eastern Asia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Haplogroup J-P209」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|